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Forbes T. Brown
Professor Emeritus
Phone: (610) 758-4097
Fax: (610) 758-6224

Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics

Became Professor Emeritus on September 1, 2004

Key Recent Publication:

Brown, F.T.  Engineering System Dynamics, a Unified Graph-Centered Approach, Second Edition (1078) pages and Instructor's Manual (215 pages), CRC Press, August 2006.


Simulation Package for Convection Bond Graphs (December 2007)

This is new software made available on a trial basis in December, 2007.  It is intended to cover a very broad range of applications, but has been tested on a restricted set of examples only.  The author would appreciate learning of any difficulties in its use.

The MATLAB® function file Convec.m expedites the dynamic simulation of thermodynamic systems modeled with the help of convection bond graphs by automatically deducing and executing the associated differential equations for dynamic simulation.  Such graphs are described in Chapter 11 of the second edition of Engineering System Dynamics, a Unified Graph-Centered Approach, by Forbes. T. Brown (CRC Press, 2007).  The relatively new elements IRS, AC and RC have not yet been incorporated. Previously, including in the book, it was necessary for the user to write his or her own differential equations, using the bond graph as the principal guide, as illustrated in the book.  Convec.m also works for bond graphs with some or all simple bonds, although it is inconvenient when the associated elements are nonlinear.  The user starts by drawing a bond graph, using integral causality.  He or she next numbers the elements in the graph and constructs a matrix that describes their characteristics.  Then, the bonds in the graph also are numbered, and a second matrix is constructed that describes their details.  Initial conditions for the simulation are specified, and its duration given.  These concise descriptions are entered into the program called convectemplate.m, which can be renamed after the system being modeled, and when run automatically calls the function file convec.m and carries out the simulation.  You then may request a display of whatever results you wish.   Six example systems are given.  Detailed instructions and explanations are available. Click on a file name (in red) to download the file. 

Click here for Instructions and Explanation of the Simulation Package for Convection Bond Graphs

File name Description Date
convec.m Function file for generating differential equations Nov. 2007
convectemplate.m Template for master script file for simulation Nov. 2007
convecRS.m Function file for computing flow through restriction Nov. 2007
DCmotor.m Master script file for simple non-thermodynamic system Nov. 2007
catapult.m Master script file for steam catapult of aircraft Nov. 2007
refrig.m Master script file for refrigeration system Nov. 2007
comptank.m Master script file for compressor with tank Nov. 2007
pistcyl.m Master script file for piston-cylinder compressor Nov. 2007
rootsb.m Master script file for roots blower Nov. 2007

As a prerequisite for using this package, the user must also download at least the relevant files from the Thermodynamics Properties Package, which are listed subsequently below.  This includes the new file airmix.m (#12 in the list), which treats wet air as a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, argon and water, and the newly updated files therprop.m, vapor3.m, vapor6.m, vapor7.m datammonia.m  and datwater.m (#1, #4, #6, #8, #13 and #49, respectively).  Also the corrected file orificenew.m, which heads the list in the group of files “Upgraded or PDF files” should be downloaded. 

Thermodynamic Properties Package (February 2007)

A major package of MATLAB® data files and programs efficiently and accurately computes 18 thermodynamic properties, and 16 more if needed, of 35 different substances, given the temperature and the specific volume.  The vapor and saturaged liquid/vapor mixture regions are included for all the substances.  The compressed liquid region is included for most of the substances, but not the refrigerants and the metals.  In these cases the bulk modulus model (pp. 914-915) is substituted automatically.  The package simplifies the writing of equations for dynamic simulation, particularly those based on convection bond graphs.  It also is intended to replace the following downloadable files listed in the book and below: R12data.m, R134adata.m, refprop.m, vapphase.m, waterdat.m, propwat.m and steam.m.  Also, the file orificenew.m (listed as the first item below under "Upgraded or New MATLAB or PDF Files," should replace orifice.m or orificec.m.  Also see the second through the eighth files in that list.

The files are listed below, and can be downloaded individually by clicking on the file name.  More files may be added at a later date, for example for certain modern refrigerants.

Click here for Instructions and explanation of the Thermodynamic Properties Package

Date Entered File Name Function
1. Nov. 2007 therprop.m Called by user to compute properties
2. 2/20/07 vapor1.m Called automatically by therprop.m
3. 2/20/07 vapor2.m Called automatically by therprop.m
4. Nov. 2007 vapor3.m Called automatically by therprop.m
5. 2/20/07 vapor4.m Called automatically by therprop.m
6. 2/20/07 vapor5.m Called automatically by therprop.m
7. 2/20/07 vapor6.m Called automatically by therprop.m
8. Nov. 2007 vapor7.m Called automatically by therprop.m
9. 2/20/07 vapor8.m Called automatically by therprop.m
10. 2/20/07 satvapor.m Run to get the coefficients E1, E2, ...
11. 2/20/07 pressure.m Called by satvapor.m
12. Nov. 2007 airmaix.m wet air as a mixture of pure substances
13. 2/20/07 datammonia.m Data file for ammonia
14. 2/20/07 datargon.m Data file for argon
15. 2/20/07 datbutane.m Data file for butane
16. 2/20/07 datcarbondioxide.m Data file for carbon dioxide
17. 2/20/07 datcesium.m Data file for cesium
18. 2/20/07 datethane.m Date file for ethane
19. 2/20/07 datethylene.m Data file for ethylene
20. 2/20/07 dathelium.m Data file for helium-4
21. 2/20/07 dathelium2.m Automatically called when needed
22. 2/20/07 dathelium3.m Automatically called when needed
23. 2/20/07 datheptane.m Data file for heptane
24. 2/20/07 dathexane.m Data file for hexane
25. 2/20/07 dathydrogen.m Data file for hydrogen (para)
26. 2/20/07 datisobutane.m Data file for isobutane
27. 2/20/07 datisopentane.m Data file for isopentane
28. 2/20/07 datlithium.m Data file for lithium
29. 2/20/07 datmercury.m Data file for mercury
30. 2/20/07 datmethane.m Data file for methane
31. 2/20/07 datneon.m Data file for neon
32. 2/20/07 datnitrogen.m Data file for nitrogen
33. 2/20/07 datoctane.m Data file for octane
34. 2/20/07 datoxygen.m Data file for oxygen
35. 2/20/07 datpentane.m Data file for pentane
36. 2/20/07 datpotassium.m Data file for potassium
37. 2/20/07 datpropane.m Data file for propane
38. 2/20/07 datpropylalcohol.m Data file for propyl alcohol
39. 2/20/07 datpropylene.m Data file for propylene
40. 2/20/07 datR12.m Data file for refrigerant R12
41. 2/20/07 datR13.m Data file for refrigerant R13
42. 2/20/07 datR22.m Data file for refrigerant R22
43. 2/20/07 datR23.m Data file for refrigerant R23
44. 2/20/07 datR134a.m Data file for refrigerant R134a
45. 2/20/07 datR502.m Data file for refrigerant R502
46. 2/20/07 dat503.m Data file for refrigerant R503
47. 2/20/07 datrubidium.m Data file for rubidium
48. 2/20/07 datsodium.m Data file for sodium
49. Nov. 2007 datwater.m Data file for water

Click for Errata for Second Edition 

Downloadable files cited in Edition 2

Any of the following MATLAB® files as listed on p. 1018 in the book may be downloaded by clicking on its file name in the table below.  Several other files regarding assignable problems are listed in the Instructor's manual.

Location page file name subject of file
Chap. 9 665 hysteresism.m simulation of hysteresis given h(t)
665 hysteresis.m function file called by hysteresism.m
665 Langevin Langevin function (for nonlinear magnetics)
668 coilm.m for simulation of hysteresis given voltage
668 coil.m function file called by coilm.m
674 ex9_17m.m tooth field and force vs. position
674 ex9_17de.m function file called by ex9_17m.m
674 force.m script file to follow ex9_17m.m
676 GP9_12m.m simulation of relay closing
676 GP9_12.m function file called by GP9_12m.m
684 ex9_18.m function file for synchronous motor
687 ex9_19.m function file for induction motor
Chap. 10 799 viscoustube.m quasi method of characteristics for viscous flow
804 GP10_9.m quasi method of charac. for linear elastic solid
Chap. 11 903 ex11_5m.m air compressor charging tank
903 ex11_5.m function file called by ex11_5m.m
908 ex11_6.m coefficients for saturated vapor density
909 ex11_6P.m script file called by ex11_6.m
911 refgmst.m simulation of refrigeration cycle
911 refrgde.m function file called by refgmst.m
917 shocktubem.m simulation of adiabatic tube with refrigerant
918 shocktube.m function file called by shocktubem.m
922 condenserm.m simulation of refrigerant tube w. condensation
922 condenser.m function file called by condenserm.m
923 shocktubess.m equilibrium state vector for Problem 11.18
923 condenserss.m equilibrium state vector for Problem 11.20
928 GP11_4m.m simulation of air compressor cycles
928 GP11_4.m function file called by GP11_4m.m
Appen. D 902 gas.m evaluates the properties of an ideal gas
902 air.m properties of air as mixture of gases
902 gasdata.m parameters for nitrogen, oxygen and argon
902 specheat.m specific heat of air as mixture of gases
906 R12data.m gives parameters describing refrigerant R12
906 R134adata.m gives parameters describing refrigerant R134a
906 refprop.m evaluates many properties of refrigerants
906 vapphase.m called by refprop.m
907 waterdat.m parameters defining a model of water
907 propwat.m evaluates the properties of multiphase water
907 steam.m evaluates the properties of water vapor
912 orifice.m flow of a possibly multiphase fluid through orifice

Upgraded or new MATLAB® or PDF files:

Additional downloadable files are given in the table below; others may be added later.  The first, third, fourth, fifth and seventh entries are revised from an earlier listing.  "TPP" refers to the Thermodynamic Properties Package.

Date type file name subject of file
Nov. 2007 upgrade orificenew.m Replaces orifice.m and orificec.m for orifice flow - corrected file
2/20/07 upgrade refgmstnew.m Replaces Refgmst.m to use TPP and orificenew.m
2/20/07 upgrade refrgdenew.m Function file called by refrgdenew.m
2/20/07 upgrade shocktubemnew.m Replaces shocktubem.m to use TPP, orificenew.m
2/20/07 upgrade shocktubecnew.m Function file called by shocktubemnew.m
2/20/07 upgrade condensermnew.m Replaces condenserm.m to use TPP, orificenew.m
2/20/07 upgrade condensernew.m Function file called by condensermnew.m
2/20/07 upgrade condenserssnew.dat Replaces condenserss.m; use in problem 11.20
8/16/06 new fannom.m Computes Fanno line solution for friction tube
8/16/06 new fanno.m Function file called by fannom.m
10/1/06 new fig8.m Function file for Fig. 8 of 2007 paper below
10/1/06 new fig9m.m Script file for Fig. 9 of 2007 paper below
10/1/06 new fig9.m Function file called by fig9m.m
1/1/07 new Plenary07.pdf PowerPoint presentation; see Publications

Click here for Further Explanation of files dated 8/16/06

Click here for Explanation of files for paper of January 2007

Click here for  Further Explanation of files dated 2/20/07

Other Recent Publications:

Brown, Forbes T., "Bond Graph Modeling and Simulation of Thermodynamic Systems," invited presentation for the plenary session of the 2007 International Conference on Bond Graph Modeling and Simulation, San Diego, CA, a PowerPoint presentation downloadable (see January 1, 2007 in table above)  as a pdf file.  The abstract is published on pages v and vi of the Proc. of ICBGM 2007.

Brown, Forbes T. "Modeling and Simulation of Ferromagnetic Hysteresis," to be published in 2007 International Conference on Bond Graph Modeling and Simulation, Ed. F.E. Cellier, J.J. Granda, The Society for Modeling and Simulation International (SCS), Jan. 2007, pp. 129-135.  See the files dated 10/1/06 in the table above, and "Explanation of files for paper of January 2007."

Brown, F.T. "Hybrid Lumped-and Delay-Bond Modeling and Simulation," 2005 International Conference on Bond Graph Modeling and Simulation, Ed. F.E. Cellier, J.J. Granda, The Society for Modeling and Simulation International (SCS), Simulation Series, Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 67-72.

Brown, F.T. "Kinetic Energy in Convection Bond Graphs," 2003 International Conference on Bond Graph Modeling and Simulation, Ed. F.E. Cellier, J.J. Granda, The Society for Modeling and Simulation International (SCS), Simulation Series, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 191-197.

Brown, F.T. "Simulating Distributed-Parameter Multiphase Thermodynamic Systems Using Bond Graphs," Proceedings of IMECE2002, 2002 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition Symposium on Automated Modeling, November 17-22, 2002, New Orleans, LA.

Brown, F.T. "Non-Iterative Evaluation of Multiphase Thermal Compliances in Bond Graphs," Proc. Instn Mech Engrs Vol 216, Part I: J. Systems and Control Engineering, 2002.

Brown, F.T. Engineering System Dynamics, a Unified Graph-Centered Approach, Marcel Dekker, Inc. (1026 pages), 2001.

Brown, F.T. and Tentarelli, S.C. "Dynamic Behavior of Complex Fluid-Filled Tubing Systems -- Part 2: System Analysis," Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, ASME Transactions, Vol. 123, No. 1, pp. 78-84, 2001.

Brown, F.T. and Tentarelli, S.C. "Dynamic Behavior of Complex Fluid-Filled Tubing Systems -- Part 1: Tubing Analysis," Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, ASME Transactions, Vol. 123, No. 1, pp. 71-77, 2001.

 

     


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Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Packard Laboratory, Lehigh University, Bethlehem PA 18015